Composite Crab
The Crab Pulsar, a city-sized, magnetize neutron starspinning 30 times a second,lies at the center of this composite image of the inner region ofthe well-known CrabNebula.The spectacular picture combines optical data (red) from th Hubble Space Telescopeand x-ray images (blue) from th ChandraObservatory, also used in the popula CrabPulsar movies.Like cosmicdynamo the pulsar powers the x-rayand optical emission from the nebula, acceleratingcharged particles and producing the eerie, glowing x-ray jets.Ring-like structures are x-ray emitting regions wherethe high energy particles slam into the nebular material.The innermost ring is about a light-year across.With more mass tha theSun and the density of a atomic nucleus,the spinning pulsar is the collapsed core of a massive starthat exploded, while the nebula is theexpanding remnant of the star's outer layers.The supernova explosion was witnessed i the year 1054.
Sunday 25 January 2009
Saturday 17 January 2009
Galactic Supernova Remnant IC 443
Galactic Supernova Remnant IC 443
About 8000 years ago, a star in our Galaxy exploded. Ancient humans might have noticed the supernova as a temporary star, but modern humans can see the expanding shell of gas even today. Pictured above, part of the shell of IC 443 is seen to be composed of complex filaments, some of which are impacting an existing molecular cloud. Here emission from shock-excited molecular hydrogen is allowing astronomers to study how fast moving supernova gas affects star formation in the cloud. Additionally, astronomers theorize that the impact accelerates some particles to velocities near the speed of light. Supernova remnant IC 443 is also known to shine brightly also in infrared and X-ray light.
About 8000 years ago, a star in our Galaxy exploded. Ancient humans might have noticed the supernova as a temporary star, but modern humans can see the expanding shell of gas even today. Pictured above, part of the shell of IC 443 is seen to be composed of complex filaments, some of which are impacting an existing molecular cloud. Here emission from shock-excited molecular hydrogen is allowing astronomers to study how fast moving supernova gas affects star formation in the cloud. Additionally, astronomers theorize that the impact accelerates some particles to velocities near the speed of light. Supernova remnant IC 443 is also known to shine brightly also in infrared and X-ray light.
Wednesday 14 January 2009
A Beautiful Trifid
A Beautiful Trifid
The beautifu Trifid Nebula(aka M20),a photogenic study in cosmic contrasts, lies abou 5,000light-years away toward the nebula richconstellation Sagittarius.A star forming region in the plane of our galaxy,the Trifid alone illustrates three basic types ofastronomical nebulae;red emission nebulae dominated bylight from hydrogen atoms,blue reflection nebulae producedby dust reflecting starlight, anddark absorption nebulae wheredense dust clouds appear in silhouette.The bright emission nebula on the right, separated into threeparts by obscuring dust lanes, lends the nebula its popular name.Many details are apparent in thi gorgeoushigh-resolution imageof the Trifid.For example, light-year long pillars and jets sculpted bynewborn stars - visible here in the upper right-hand cornerof the emission nebula - appear in Hubble Space Telescop close-up imagesof the region.
The beautifu Trifid Nebula(aka M20),a photogenic study in cosmic contrasts, lies abou 5,000light-years away toward the nebula richconstellation Sagittarius.A star forming region in the plane of our galaxy,the Trifid alone illustrates three basic types ofastronomical nebulae;red emission nebulae dominated bylight from hydrogen atoms,blue reflection nebulae producedby dust reflecting starlight, anddark absorption nebulae wheredense dust clouds appear in silhouette.The bright emission nebula on the right, separated into threeparts by obscuring dust lanes, lends the nebula its popular name.Many details are apparent in thi gorgeoushigh-resolution imageof the Trifid.For example, light-year long pillars and jets sculpted bynewborn stars - visible here in the upper right-hand cornerof the emission nebula - appear in Hubble Space Telescop close-up imagesof the region.
Friday 9 January 2009
Recycling Cassiopeia A
Recycling Cassiopeia A
For billions of years massive stars in our Milky WayGalaxy have lived spectacular lives. Collapsing from vast cosmicclouds, their nuclear furnacesignite and create heavy elements in their cores.After a few million years, th enriched material is blastedback into interstellar space where star formationbegins anew.The expanding debris cloud know asCassiopeia A is an exampleof this final phase of the stellar life cycle.Light from the explosion which created this supernova remnant wasprobably firs seenin planet Earth's sky just over 300 years ago,although it took that light more than 10,000 years to reach us.In this gorgeou Hubble Space Telescope image of cooling filamentsand knots in the Cas A remnant, lightfrom specific elements has been color coded to help astronomersunderstand the recycling of our galaxy' star stuff.For instance, red regions are dominated by emission from sulfur atomswhile blue shades correspond to oxygen Thearea shown is about 10 light-years across.
For billions of years massive stars in our Milky WayGalaxy have lived spectacular lives. Collapsing from vast cosmicclouds, their nuclear furnacesignite and create heavy elements in their cores.After a few million years, th enriched material is blastedback into interstellar space where star formationbegins anew.The expanding debris cloud know asCassiopeia A is an exampleof this final phase of the stellar life cycle.Light from the explosion which created this supernova remnant wasprobably firs seenin planet Earth's sky just over 300 years ago,although it took that light more than 10,000 years to reach us.In this gorgeou Hubble Space Telescope image of cooling filamentsand knots in the Cas A remnant, lightfrom specific elements has been color coded to help astronomersunderstand the recycling of our galaxy' star stuff.For instance, red regions are dominated by emission from sulfur atomswhile blue shades correspond to oxygen Thearea shown is about 10 light-years across.
Wednesday 7 January 2009
The Mineral Moon
The Mineral Moon
Evenif the Moon really were made o green cheese it probably wouldn'tlook this bizarre.Still, thi mosaicof 53 images was recorded by theJupiter-bound Galileo spacecraft asit passed near our own larg naturalsatellite in 1992.The pictures were recorded through three spectral filters andcombined in an exaggerated false-color schem to explore th compositionof the lunar surface aschanges in mineral content produce subtl color differences inreflected light.Familiar to earthdwellers, the lunar near side ison the left, but the space-based view looks down on theMoon's north pole locatedin the upper half of the image near the shadow line.Blue to orange shades indicate volcanic lava flows.The dark blu Mare Tranquillitatisat the lower left is richer intitanium bearing minerals than the green and orange maria above it.Near the bottom of the image and to the right of Tranquillitatis is the dark oval-shaped Mare Crisium surrounded byshocking pink colors indicating material of th lunarhighlands.
Evenif the Moon really were made o green cheese it probably wouldn'tlook this bizarre.Still, thi mosaicof 53 images was recorded by theJupiter-bound Galileo spacecraft asit passed near our own larg naturalsatellite in 1992.The pictures were recorded through three spectral filters andcombined in an exaggerated false-color schem to explore th compositionof the lunar surface aschanges in mineral content produce subtl color differences inreflected light.Familiar to earthdwellers, the lunar near side ison the left, but the space-based view looks down on theMoon's north pole locatedin the upper half of the image near the shadow line.Blue to orange shades indicate volcanic lava flows.The dark blu Mare Tranquillitatisat the lower left is richer intitanium bearing minerals than the green and orange maria above it.Near the bottom of the image and to the right of Tranquillitatis is the dark oval-shaped Mare Crisium surrounded byshocking pink colors indicating material of th lunarhighlands.
Sunday 4 January 2009
Mars Rising Behind Elephant Rock
Mars Rising Behind Elephant Rock
APOD: 2003 August 28 - Mars Rising Behind Elephant Rock
Earth Webcam Catches Mars Rotation
Earth Webcam Catches Mars Rotation
APOD: 2003 August 26 - Earth Webcam Catches Mars Rotation
Valles Marineris The Grand Canyon of Mars
Valles Marineris The Grand Canyon of Mars
The largest canyon in the Solar System cuts a wide swath across the face of Mars. Named Valles Marineris, the grand valley extends over 3,000 kilometers long, spans as much as 600 kilometers across, and delves as much as 8 kilometers deep. By comparison, the Earth's Grand Canyon in Arizona, USA is 800 kilometers long, 30 kilometers across, and 1.8 kilometers deep. The origin of the Valles Marineris remains unknown, although a leading hypothesis holds that it started as a crack billions of years ago as the planet cooled. Recently, several geologic processes have been identified in the canyon. The above mosaic was created from over 100 images of Mars taken by Viking Orbiters in the 1970s. News: Mars closest in over 50,000 years on Wednesday
The largest canyon in the Solar System cuts a wide swath across the face of Mars. Named Valles Marineris, the grand valley extends over 3,000 kilometers long, spans as much as 600 kilometers across, and delves as much as 8 kilometers deep. By comparison, the Earth's Grand Canyon in Arizona, USA is 800 kilometers long, 30 kilometers across, and 1.8 kilometers deep. The origin of the Valles Marineris remains unknown, although a leading hypothesis holds that it started as a crack billions of years ago as the planet cooled. Recently, several geologic processes have been identified in the canyon. The above mosaic was created from over 100 images of Mars taken by Viking Orbiters in the 1970s. News: Mars closest in over 50,000 years on Wednesday
The Tarantula Zone
The Tarantula Zone
TheTarantula Nebula is more than 1,000 light-years across -a giant emission nebula within ou neighboring galax the Large Magellanic Cloud.Inside this cosmic arachnid lies a central young cluster of massivestars, cataloged a R136, whose intense radiation and strong windshave helped energize the nebular glow and shape the spidery filaments.In thi impressive color mosaicof images from th Wide-Field Imagercamera on ESO's 2.2 meter telescope at La Silla Observatory, otheryoung star clusters can be seen still within th nebula's grasp.Also notable among the denizensof the Tarantula zone are severa dark cloudsinvading the nebula's outer limits as well asthe dense clusterof stars NGC 2100 at the extreme left edge of thepicture.The small but expanding remnant ofsupernova 1987a, the closest supernovain modern history,lies just off the lower right corner of the field.The rich mosaic's field of view covers an area on the skyabout the size ofthe full moon in the souther constellation Dorado.
TheTarantula Nebula is more than 1,000 light-years across -a giant emission nebula within ou neighboring galax the Large Magellanic Cloud.Inside this cosmic arachnid lies a central young cluster of massivestars, cataloged a R136, whose intense radiation and strong windshave helped energize the nebular glow and shape the spidery filaments.In thi impressive color mosaicof images from th Wide-Field Imagercamera on ESO's 2.2 meter telescope at La Silla Observatory, otheryoung star clusters can be seen still within th nebula's grasp.Also notable among the denizensof the Tarantula zone are severa dark cloudsinvading the nebula's outer limits as well asthe dense clusterof stars NGC 2100 at the extreme left edge of thepicture.The small but expanding remnant ofsupernova 1987a, the closest supernovain modern history,lies just off the lower right corner of the field.The rich mosaic's field of view covers an area on the skyabout the size ofthe full moon in the souther constellation Dorado.
Saturday 3 January 2009
Shadow Rise
Shadow Rise
As the Sun sets, the Earth'sshadow rises up from the east.The subtle beauty o thisdaily apparition is often overlookedin favor of the brighter, more colorfulwestern horizon.But while gazing toward a nearly full rising Moon on August 9,astronomer Steve Mandel admired the shadow rise from his drivewaynear Soquel, California, USA.His view looks east from the northern tip of Monterey Bay towardFremont Peak, the highest point in the small mountain range onthe horizon TheEarth's rising shadow is cast through thedense atmosphere and is seen in his picture as the dark blue bandalong the horizon, bounded above by a pinkish purple glow orantitwilight arch.Also known as the Belt of Venus,the arch's lovely color is dueto backscattering o reddenedlight from the setting Sun.
As the Sun sets, the Earth'sshadow rises up from the east.The subtle beauty o thisdaily apparition is often overlookedin favor of the brighter, more colorfulwestern horizon.But while gazing toward a nearly full rising Moon on August 9,astronomer Steve Mandel admired the shadow rise from his drivewaynear Soquel, California, USA.His view looks east from the northern tip of Monterey Bay towardFremont Peak, the highest point in the small mountain range onthe horizon TheEarth's rising shadow is cast through thedense atmosphere and is seen in his picture as the dark blue bandalong the horizon, bounded above by a pinkish purple glow orantitwilight arch.Also known as the Belt of Venus,the arch's lovely color is dueto backscattering o reddenedlight from the setting Sun.
Thursday 1 January 2009
X-Rays from M17
X-Rays from M17
About 5,00 light-yearsaway, toward the constellation Sagittariusand the center of our galaxy,lies the bright star forming regio cataloged as M17.In visible light, M17's bowed and hollowed-out appearance has resulted inmany popular nameslike the Horseshoe, Swan, Omega, and Lobsternebula.But what hassculpted this glowing gas cloud?Thi ChandraObservatory image of x-rays from M17 provides a clue.Many massive young stars are responsible for the pinkcentral region of the false-colo x-ray picture, their collidingstellar winds producing th multimilliondegree gas cloudwhich extends ten or so light-years to the left.When comparedwith visible light images,this x-ray hot cloud is partly surrounded by the nebula's cooler gas.In fact, having carved out a central cavitythe hot gas seems to be flowing out of the horseshoeshape like champagne from an uncorked bottle ...suggesting yet another name for star formingregion M17.
About 5,00 light-yearsaway, toward the constellation Sagittariusand the center of our galaxy,lies the bright star forming regio cataloged as M17.In visible light, M17's bowed and hollowed-out appearance has resulted inmany popular nameslike the Horseshoe, Swan, Omega, and Lobsternebula.But what hassculpted this glowing gas cloud?Thi ChandraObservatory image of x-rays from M17 provides a clue.Many massive young stars are responsible for the pinkcentral region of the false-colo x-ray picture, their collidingstellar winds producing th multimilliondegree gas cloudwhich extends ten or so light-years to the left.When comparedwith visible light images,this x-ray hot cloud is partly surrounded by the nebula's cooler gas.In fact, having carved out a central cavitythe hot gas seems to be flowing out of the horseshoeshape like champagne from an uncorked bottle ...suggesting yet another name for star formingregion M17.
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